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GPH 501 Fundamentals of Theoretical Geophysics*
Vector fields in geophysics. Vector calculus. Multiple integrals.
Integral of vector fields over curves and surfaces. Integral
theorems: Green’s theorem in the plane. Stoke's theorem.
Conservative fields, potentials. Potential and fields for gravity
and electrostatics. Fluid flow. Electrical and magnetic fields.
Partial differential equations in geophysics. Heat equation. Method
of separation of variables. Wave equation: d’Alembert Solution. Wave
equation in polar coordinates.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 503 Mathematical Methods in Geophysics*
Matrix algebra, inverse matrix, eigenvalues, eigenvectors.
Complex analysis. Integral transform. Application from geophysical
theory.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 505 Geophysical Data Processing*
Basic signals, sampling, Z transforms, Fourier analysis. Least
squares fitting, covariance and correlation functions. Power
spectra. Probability. Normal, Binomial and Poisson distributions.
Deconvolution, optimum filters, linear filters in earth sciences.
Special filters in geophysics: polarization analysis, f-k filtering.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 507
Introduction to Seismology**
Study of seismology, the science of earthquakes and its historical
development. Seismic waves: Body waves, surface waves. Travel times
and structure of the earth. Seismogram interpretation. Seismographs.
Anelasticity and anisotropy. Focal parameters of earthquakes:
Earthquakes and faults, location, magnitude, seismic moment,
intensity, seismic energy. Seismicity, seismotectonics, seismic
hazard and seismic risk.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH
509 Introduction to Geophysical Methods
A detailed study of the theory and application of geophysical
methods for mining, petroleum exploration and engineering studies.
Emphasis on recent advances is seismic, gravity, electrical and
magnetic techniques. Laboratory work to solve exploration problems
in magnetic, electrical and seismic methods.
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(3+0+0)
Non-credit |
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GPH 520 Plate Tectonics and Crustal Dynamics
The interior of the earth. Characteristics of the earth’s crust.
Principal tectonic features of the earth. Oceanic crust and
spreading centers. Plate motion; driving forces. Convergent margins;
subductions, back-arc basins. Oceanic transform faults. Triple
junctions and supercontinents. Collision, development of orogenic
belts, formation of mountain roots, ophiolite emplacement, sutures,
delamination. Case studies: Himalaya, Alps, Ural, Ands, Red Sea,
Eastern Mediterranean, Anatolia, Aegean.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 521 Earthquake Geology
Brittle fracture of rock. Rock friction. Mechanics of faulting and
earthquakes. Seismotectonics. Geology of earthquake source region.
Active fault morphology, tectonic geodesy, seismic cycle, earthquake
prediction.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 525 Computers in Geosciences
C and Fortran programming. Application of numerical methods to
computer simulations of geophysical methods. Development of
individual projects, writing appropriate computer codes.
Introduction to efficient use of Matlab as a tool for research in
Earth Sciences.
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(1+0+0)1 |
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GPH 528 The Physics of Earth’s Interior
Chemical and physical models of the earth. Studying structure of the
earth’s crust by using explosion and earthquake seismology, gravity,
magnetic and electromagnetic methods. Case studies from Turkey and
the world.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 530 Electromagnetic Methods in Geophysics
Study of electromagnetic sounding methods. Principles of
magnetotellurics (MT), controlled source audio-frequency
magnetotellurics (CSAMT), geomagnetic deep sounding (GDS) and very-low-frequency
(VLF) methods. Field applications and interpretation of
electromagnetic data.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 531 Fields in Geophysics
Introduction to the classical field theory of geophysical interest,
namely steady state and time dependent electromagnetic fields,
currents. Lagrangian field theory. Gravitational and magnetic
fields.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 532 Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism
Historical development of geomagnetism. Global geomagnetic studies,
observation techniques, instrumentation and geomagnetic
observatories. Introduction to paleomagnetism.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 540 Wave Propagation I
Stress and strain, equation of motion, wave equation, One
dimensional solution of wave equation, body waves and ray theory,
Snell’s Law, travel times and the structure of the Earth.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 542 Physics of Earthquake Sources I
Point sources. Near field, far field radiation. Equivalent body
forces. Double couple sources. Elastostatic. Elastodynamic. Seismic
moment tensor. Radiation pattern. Fault plane solutions. Finite
sources. Rupture models. Haskell source. Source directivity. Source
spectrum. Fault geometry and corner frequency. Stress drop, rupture
velocity. Magnitude. Energy.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 543 Observational Seismology
Historical and conceptual background of observational seismology,
consequences of recent technical developments, seismicity, seismic
sources and source parameters, rules and procedures for magnitude
determination and magnitude scales, seismic waves and travel times,
seismic signals and noise, seismic data formats, data analysis and
seismogram interpretation, seismic analysis codes (SAC, Seatools,
geotools), locating earthquakes.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 544 Seismic Instrumentation
Overview, basic theory and history of seismometry. The frequency
response function, the transfer function, the impulse response
function, the condition for stability, the step response function,
pole and zero positions. Seismometry, seismic sensors and their
calibration, seismic recording systems. Seismic networks: Site
selection, preparation and installation of seismic stations, seismic
network purpose, seismic network configuration, data transmission
and data acquisition. Seismic arrays.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 547 Seismic Interpretation
Theory of seismic refraction and reflection, data processing,
velocity analysis, filtering, migration, synthetic seismograms, two
and three- dimensional interpretation, computer applications and
examples.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 560 Environmental and Applied Geophysics
Principles and applications of geophysical methods, seismic
refraction and reflection, gravity, magnetism, electromagnetism,
resistivity and ground penetrating radar. Hands on field exercises
and demos at some selected sites. Familiarization with report
writing and application of each method. Site studies related to
environmental, engineering and archaeological problems.
|
(1+0+0)1 |
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GPH 579 Graduate Seminar*
The widening of students’ perspectives and awareness of topics of
interest to geophysicists through seminars offered by faculty, guest
speakers and graduate students.
|
(0+1+0)
Non-credit |
|
GPH 591-594 Selected Topics in Geophysics I-IV
Topics related to the research works in geophysics. Practical
aspects of explosion and earthquake seismology. Use of software for
analyzing collected geophysical data and preparing scientific
reports.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 595-596 Independent Studies I-II
Independent research projects or directed readings designed to meet
the needs and interests of individual students. Regular conferences
given by students and instructors required.
|
(1+0+0)1 |
|
GPH 598 M.Sc. Seminar
Investigation in depth of a special topic related with the student’s
major area of study and research in geophysics, with the aim of
original contribution to the subject. Preparation and defence of a
M.S. thesis.
|
(1+0+0)1 |
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GPH 690 M.Sc. Thesis
Investigation in depth of a special topic related with the student’s
major area of study and research in geophysics, with the aim of
original contribution to the subject. Preparation and defence of a
M.S. thesis.
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|
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BACK
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COURSE DESCRIPTION (Ph.D.) |
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GPH 601-602 Ph.D. Seminar I-II
Material collection and presentation of a particular subject of
interest to the student. Improvement of the students’ ability in
self-initiated learning, systematizing collected materials for
utilization, not only for oral presentation but also for information
retrieval and responding to questions.
|
(1+0+0)1 |
|
GPH 630 Magnetotelluric Method (MT)
Theoretical basis of magnetotelluric (MT) method. Apparent
resistivity and phase relationships in MT. Field experiments. Data
processing and modeling of MT data.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 631 Advanced Geomagnetism
Spherical harmonic analysis. External, crustal and internal
geomagnetic fields, representation of the internal field, secular
variation, dipole and non-dipole fields, westward drift.
Introduction to dynamo theory.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 633 Numerical Methods in Electromagnetics
Finite element method (FEM) in electromagnetism. Ritz and Galerkin
methods. One, two and three dimensional finite element analyses,
boundary value problems.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 640 Array Seismology
The term “Seismic array”, geometrical parameters, beam forming and
detection processing, array transfer function, slowness estimation
using seismic arrays, array design.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 641 Physics of Earthquake Source II
Moment tensor representation. Body wave modeling. Surface wave
modeling. Rectangular and circular fault models. Rupture dynamics.
Friction: Byerlee's Law, Coulomb failure, slip-weakening, rate- and
state-dependent friction. Nucleation, propogation and arrest of a
rupture. Crack growth model. Spatio-temporal seismicity patterns.
Characterization of fault zone structures, trapped waves.
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(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 642 Global Seismology
Global distribution of seismic sources. Large scale structure of the
Earth. Crustal and upper mantle propagation. Mantle and core phases.
Receiver function. Global tomography. S-wave splitting and upper
mantle anisotropy. Free oscillations of the Earth. Surface waves on
spherical earth. Normal modes. Centroid moment tensor.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 644 Inversion Methods in Geophysics
Inverse of matrices, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, singular value
decomposition, linear inverse problems, least squares solution of
the linear inverse problems, solving underdetermined and
overdetermined problems with constraints, generalized inverses,
monte carlo methods, genetic algorithms.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 645 Numerical Methods in Seismology
Developing computer algorithms for a variety of seismological
problems. Finite-difference and finite element methods for the
solution of wave equation. Numerical solution of Lamp’s problem.
Ray tracing techniques. Solution of integral equations. Propagator
matrices. Time-frequency analysis of seismıc signals.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 647 Wave Propagation II
Equation of motion, elastic wave equation, reflection-transmission
coefficients, surface waves, Lamb’s problem, wave propagation in
layered media, numerical solutions of wave equation.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 671 Statistical Methods in Geo-Hazard Assessment
Basic concept of probability and random processes in geophysics.
Gaussian distribution. Exponential distribution. Stationarity.
Wiener process. Poisson process. Extreme value statistics Gumbel's
distribution. Markov sequences. Frequency-magnitude relationship.
Time dependent hazard models. Estimation: linear-mean square
estimation, Bayes estimation, maximum likelihood estimation.
Methodologies for studying seismic hazard. Case studies in Eastern
Mediterranean region.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 673 Advanced Exploration Geophysics
Advanced treatments of recent topics of interest in exploration
geophysics, with emphasis on refraction and reflection prospecting.
Principles of refraction and refraction seismology. Experience in
computer processing of seismic data.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 691-694 Special Topics in Geophysics I-IV
Recent developments in geophysics are main contents of this lecture.
Contents of this lecture vary each year.
|
(3+0+0)3 |
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GPH 790 Ph.D. Thesis
Original research on the theoretical and/or applicational aspects of
a special topic related with the student’s major area of
specialization in geophysics. Preparation and defence of Ph.D.
dissertation.
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* Obligatory courses.
** Can not be taken for credits by the Department of Geophysics
students. |
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